Consideraciones en torno a un nuevo cosmopolitismo ambiental en el mundo post pandemia
Resumen (es)
El objetivo del artículo es encaminar una reflexión crítica y decolonial sobre los desafíos y las alternativas de la gobernanza del riesgo en el contexto de la pandemia por el virus SARS-CoV-2. El documento inicia con una invitación a pensar la actual crisis del multilateralismo como primer paso para problematizar el surgimiento del Covid-19 y sus efectos en los marcos institucionales de la política global. Para entender las implicaciones de la pandemia en la configuración de los esquemas de gobernanza actuales, se hace referencia a un conjunto de literatura sobre riesgo e incertidumbre en períodos caracterizados por la emergencia de las transiciones sostenibles. Se profundiza en la idea de geografía de conocimiento, colocada por la ecología política, para exponer las imbricaciones profundas entre la colonialidad del saber y la construcción de conocimiento sobre gobernanza del riesgo. Desde el punto de vista de su abordaje teórico-metodológico, entendemos esta reflexión como “siendo parte” de un ejercicio de imaginación sociológica que busca contribuir a la construcción de futuros posibles, en los que se disponga de espacios seguros para la reproducción de la vida y la biodiversidad. De lo que se trata es de promover relaciones distintas entre ciencias, conocimientos y saberes, con el objetivo de garantizar el ejercicio de prácticas ciudadanas y subjetividades diversas, en un contexto pluralista y de pleno reconocimiento de derechos. Como parte de las consideraciones finales se argumenta que el Covid-19 representa una oportunidad importante para pensar en un nuevo cosmopolitismo ambiental, en capacidad de conducir estas ideas al terreno político por medio de los movimientos sociales que podrían estar tomando forma en la atención local de la emergencia.
Resumen (en)
The paper aims to guide a critical and decolonial reflection on the challenges and alternatives of risk governance in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic that may contribute to improving sustainable development policy. We propose the current crisis of multilateralism as a first step to problematize the emergence of Covid-19 and its effects on the institutional frameworks of global policy. A sustainable transition approach is used to understand the implications of the pandemic in the configuration of current governance schemes, by focusing on risk and uncertainty issues during critical periods. The idea of geography of knowledge, established by political ecology, is explored to expose the deep entanglements between the coloniality of knowledge and the construction of knowledge on risk governance. These analytical tools are key in the study of sustainability and its implications for participation and social inclusion on development processes. From the point of view of its theoretical-methodological approach, we understand this reflection as “being part” of an exercise of sociological imagination that seeks to contribute to the construction of possible futures, in which there are safe spaces for the reproduction of life and biodiversity. The reconfiguration of public spaces for deliberation and collective actions needs to be considered in order to improve this debate. New relationships between science, formal knowledge and local knowledge should be considered in order to guarantee the exercise of civic practices and diverse subjectivities, in a pluralistic context with full recognition of rights. As part of the final considerations, it is argued that Covid-19 presents an important opportunity to think about a new environmental cosmopolitanism, able to address these ideas to the political arena through social movements.
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