Legal Principles of Interaction between Local Self-Government Bodies and the National Police in the Field of Protecting Cultural Heritage in Terms of Martial Law
Principios jurídicos de la interacción entre los órganos de autogobierno local y la Policía Nacional en el ámbito de la protección del patrimonio cultural en condiciones de ley marcial
Abstract (en)
The authors of the article have studied the legal principles in the interaction between local self-government bodies and the National Police in the field of cultural heritage protection, in terms of martial law in Ukraine. The authors have analysed the current legislation regulating the powers of the relevant entities in the field of cultural heritage and objects’ preservation, including the Ukranian laws on the protection of cultural heritage, on the National Police, as well as the relevant by-laws. Practical problems related to the fragmentation and vagueness of normative regulation, in particular the lack of special provisions on involving the police in security measures in emergency situations, have been outlined. The feasibility of amending the relevant laws has been substantiated, particularly by supplementing the law on the protection of cultural heritage with a norm on legal grounds and mechanisms of interacting with the police. Particular attention has been paid to perspectives for harmonizing the national legislation with international legal acts, such as the 1954 Hague Convention and the 2005 Faro Convention. Specific areas for improving the regulatory framework have been suggested, including the inventory of powers of local self-government bodies, modernization of legislation in the field of culture, and the initiative for codification in the form of the Code of Laws on Culture. The article contains analytical generalizations and practical recommendations and is based on an interdisciplinary approach using the methods of legal analysis, comparative law, and elements of public administration.
Abstract (es)
Los autores del artículo han llevado a cabo un exhaustivo análisis de los principios jurídicos que rigen la interacción entre los organismos de autogobierno local y la Policía Nacional en el ámbito de la protección del patrimonio cultural en el contexto de la ley marcial en Ucrania. Se ha procedido a la revisión exhaustiva de la legislación vigente que regula las competencias de las entidades pertinentes en lo que respecta a la preservación del patrimonio cultural. Este análisis ha abarcado las leyes de Ucrania sobre la protección del patrimonio cultural y sobre la Policía Nacional, así como los reglamentos pertinentes. Se han señalado los problemas prácticos relacionados con la fragmentación y la vaguedad de la normativa, en particular la falta de disposiciones especiales sobre la participación de la policía en las medidas de seguridad en situaciones de emergencia. Se ha fundamentado la viabilidad de modificar las disposiciones legales pertinentes, en particular, complementando la ley de Ucrania sobre la protección del patrimonio cultural con una norma que establezca los fundamentos jurídicos y los mecanismos de interacción con las fuerzas del orden público. Se ha dedicado una atención meticulosa a las perspectivas de armonización entre la legislación nacional y los instrumentos jurídicos internacionales, tales como el Convenio de La Haya de 1954 y el Convenio de Faro de 2005. Se han propuesto áreas concretas para la optimización del marco regulatorio, tales como el inventario de competencias de los organismos de autogobierno local, la modernización de la legislación en materia de cultura y la iniciativa de codificación mediante el Código de Leyes de Cultura. El artículo contiene generalizaciones analíticas y recomendaciones prácticas, y se fundamenta en un enfoque interdisciplinario que utiliza métodos de análisis jurídico, derecho comparado y elementos de la administración pública.
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