Lavado de dinero y corrupción: necesidad de mayor investigación para un sustento empírico sólido
Money laundering and corruption: need for further research for a solid empirical support
Resumen (es)
El presente artículo analiza la literatura científica sobre lavado de dinero y corrupción producida durante los últimos quince años. Específicamente, el artículo expone los principales hallazgos, consensos y vacíos de conocimiento de la literatura que versa sobre las definiciones y categorías de lavado de dinero y corrupción, y de las iniciativas legislativas, jurídicas y políticas orientadas a su combate, incluyendo iniciativas desde el sector privado o que comprendan modalidades de cooperación internacional. El artículo encuentra que si bien existen múltiples consensos respecto del impacto político, económico y social del lavado de dinero y la corrupción y la necesidad de emprender una lucha contra estos delitos de manera multidimensional e incluyendo al sector privado, existen dificultades sustanciales relacionadas a la comprensión real de los factores socioculturales e institucionales y los incentivos de economía política o los flujos de capitales transnacionales que ayudarían a entender la complejidad respecto de cómo ocurren estos delitos en la práctica. Lo anterior supone una preocupación apremiante, toda vez que se están implementado políticas sin un sustento empírico sólido.
Resumen (en)
This article analyzes the scientific literature on money laundering and corruption produced during the last fifteen years. Specifically, the article presents the main findings, consensus and knowledge gaps in the literature on the definitions and categories of money laundering and corruption, and the legislative, legal and political initiatives aimed at fighting them, including initiatives from the private sector or involving international cooperation. The article finds that, although there are multiple consensus regarding the political, economic and social impact of money laundering and corruption and the need to undertake a multidimensional fight against these crimes, including the private sector, there are substantial difficulties related to real understanding of the sociocultural and institutional factors and the political economy incentives or transnational capital flows that would help to understand the complexity of how these crimes occur in practice. This is a pressing concern, since policies are being implemented without a solid empirical support.
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