Salud mental y enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Mental Health and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Resumo (pt)
La incidencia de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) ha ido en notable aumento en los últimos años en la población mundial. Esta patología, de etiología desconocida, conlleva manifestaciones tanto intestinales como extraintestinales, cuyos síntomas no solo afectan la salud física del paciente, sino que también tienen un impacto significativo en su salud mental. Los pacientes con EII pueden experimentar niveles más altos de depresión y ansiedad en comparación con la población general, por lo que es necesario una atención psicoterapéutica y gastroenterológica integrada. Este trabajo explora la producción investigadora acerca de la salud mental en EII. Los hallazgos indican que la psicoterapia no solo es beneficiosa para aliviar los síntomas psicopatológicos de los pacientes, sino que también puede contribuir a mejorar su calidad de vida. Además, se advierte de la importancia de que los profesionales tomen conciencia de la necesidad de la intervención psicoterapéutica para la prevención y abordaje de las manifestaciones clínicas de esta patología. Finalmente, las recomendaciones para estudios futuros incluyen la investigación en la optimización de estrategias psicoterapéuticas que fomenten un tratamiento integral que no solo aborde los síntomas de la EII, sino que también promueva el bienestar emocional y la resiliencia de los pacientes.
Resumo (en)
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased significantly in recent years among the global population. This pathology, of unknown etiology, involves both intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations, the symptoms of which not only affect the patient's physical health but also significantly impact their mental health. Patients with IBD may experience higher levels of depression and anxiety compared to the general population, making integrated psychotherapeutic and gastroenterological care necessary. This paper explores the research on mental health in IBD. The findings indicate that psychotherapy is not only beneficial in alleviating patients' psychopathological symptoms but can also contribute to improving their quality of life. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of professionals becoming aware of the need for psychotherapeutic intervention to prevent and address the clinical manifestations of this pathology. Finally, recommendations for future studies include the need for research into optimizing psychotherapeutic strategies, promoting comprehensive treatment that not only addresses IBD symptoms but also promotes patients' emotional well-being and resilience.
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