Psicooncología pediátrica
Pediatric Psycho-Oncology
Abstract (en)
Pediatric oncology study why cancer, in addition to being a chronic disease that threatens the patient's life, is a disease that symbolizes the suffering of the sick person and his family. The treatment of childhood cancer involves a demanding medical regimen in which children and their families face with multiple stressors, which cause significant changes in the everyday activities, disruption of family and social roles, the fear of treatment adherence, and a constant threat of death. The present work aims to show through a theoretical review, the role of the pediatric psychooncology, and the progress of its psychological intervention. Different contributions to the understanding of the disease, physical, psychological and social reactions of the sick child, the family and the medical staff have been reviewed. Resources needed for the reduction of the physical and psychological discomfort of the child and his family during the disease are also showed.
Abstract (es)
La psicooncología pediátrica, entre otras, estudia por qué el cáncer, además de ser una enfermedad crónica que amenaza la vida de quien la padece, es una enfermedad que simboliza el sufrimiento de la persona enferma y su familia. El tratamiento del cáncer infantil implica un régimen médico exigente en el que los niños y sus familias se enfrentan a múltiples factores estresantes, que provocan cambios considerables en las actividades diarias; por ejemplo, alteración de los roles familiares y sociales, temor a la adhesión al tratamiento y una constante amenaza de muerte. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar, por medio de una revisión teórica, el papel de la psicooncología pediátrica y el progreso de sus herramientas de intervención psicológica. Se revisan las diferentes aportaciones sobre la comprensión de la enfermedad, las reacciones físicas, psicológicas y sociales del niño enfermo, la familia y el personal sanitario. Además, se proponen los recursos necesarios para la reducción del malestar físico y psicológico del niño y su familia durante la enfermedad.
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