Publicado
2018-07-01

Relaciones evolutivas entre la memoria de trabajo visuoespacial y la planificación cognitiva en personas sanas con inteligencia normal con edades entre 10 y 30 años

Developmental relationships between visuospatial working memory and cognitive planning in healthy people with normal intelligence aged between 10 and 30 years

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2017.0002.07
Jorge Emiro Restrepo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8790-7454
María José Puello
Jenny Shirley Ramírez
Julia Johana Rivas
Jennifer Teresa Romero

Resumen (es)

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación empírica sobre las relaciones evolutivas entre la memoria de trabajo visuoespacial y la planificación cognitiva en un grupo de 100 personas sanas con inteligencia normal y edades entre 10 y 30 años. Se aplicó el Subtest de Cubos de Corsi, de la Escala de Memoria de Wechsler III y la Torre de Londres. Los análisis de correlación para el rango completo (10-30) demostraron la existencia de una correlación estadísticamente significativa (0.43; p-value < 0.001). En los tres rangos de edad también se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas (p value < 0.008): 0.44 para el rango 10-15; 0.28 para el rango 16-20; y 0.32 para el rango 21-30. No se encontró un aumento en el funcionamiento ejecutivo asociado con la edad, pese a que la teoría y la evidencia empírica así lo demuestran. Se describen y discuten posibles explicaciones sobre los resultados.

Palabras clave (es): memoria de trabajo visuoespacial, planificación cognitiva, desarrollo cognitivo

Resumen (en)

The article presents the results of a correlational empirical research on the developmental relationships between visuospatial working memory and cognitive planning in a group of 100 healthy people with normal intelligence with ages between 10 and 30 years. The Corsi block test, from the Wechsler Memory Scale III, and the Tower of London were applied. Correlation analyzes for the full range (10-30) demonstrated the existence of a statistically significant correlation (0.43, p-value < 0.001). In the three age statistically significant correlations (p value < 0.008) were also found: 0.44 for the range 10-15; 0.28 for the range 16-20; and 0.32 for 21-30 range. No increase in executive functioning associated with age was found, although the theory and empirical evidence prove it. Possible explanations for the results are described and discussed.

Palabras clave (en): visuospatial working memory, cognitive planning, cognitive development
Jorge Emiro Restrepo, Tecnológico de Antioquia Institución Universitaria

Profesor Asistente, Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales Tecnológico de Antioquia Medellín, Colombia. 

María José Puello, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Estudiante de Psicología
Jenny Shirley Ramírez, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Estudiante de Psicología
Julia Johana Rivas, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Estudiante de Psicología
Jennifer Teresa Romero, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Estudiante de Psicología

Referencias

Albrecht, R., y Ragni, M. (2014). Spatial Planning: An ACT-R model for the Tower of London Task. In Spatial Cognition IX, pages 222 - 236. Springer International Publishing.

Carlson, S. M. (2009). Social origins of executive function development. New Directions in Child and Adolescent Development, 123, 87–97.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19306276

Cheetham, J. M., Rahm, B., Kaller, C. P., y Unterrainer, J. M. (2012) Visuospatial over verbal demands in predicting Tower of London planning tasks. British Journal of Psychology, 103(1), 98-116. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22229777

Courtney, S. M., Petit, L., Maisog, J. M., Ungerleider, L. G., y Haxby, J. V. (1998). An area specialized for spatial working memory in human frontal cortex. Science, 279(5355), 1347-51. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9478894

Fuster, J. M. (2002). Frontal lobe and cognitive development. Journal of Neurocitology, 31, 373-385. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12815254

Gathercole, S. E., Pickering, S. J., Ambridge, B., y Wearing, H. (2004). The structure of working memory from 4 to 15 years of age. Developmental Psychology, 40, 177-190. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14979759

Giedd, J. N., Blumenthal, J., Jeffries, N. O., Castellanos, F. X., Liu, H., Zijdenbos, A., Paus, T., Evans, A. C, y Rapoport, J. L. (1999) Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study. Nature Neuroscience, 2, 861–863. http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v2/n10/abs/nn1099_861.html

Glosser, G. & Goodglass, H. (1990). Disorders in executive control functions among aphasic and other brain damaged patients. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 12,485-501. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1698809

Joyce, E. M., y Robbins, T. W. (1991) Frontal lobe function in Korsakoff and non-Korsakoff alcoholics: planning and spatial working memory. Neuropsychologia, 29, 709–723. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1944873

Krikorian, R., Bartok, J. y Gay, N. (1994). Tower of London procedure: A standard method and developmental data. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 16, 840-850. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7890819

Lewis, C., Koyasu, M., Oh, S., Ogawa, A., Short, B., y Huang, Z. (2009). Culture, executive function, and social understanding. New Directions for Children Adolescent Development, 123, 69-85. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19306275

Logie, R.H. (1995). Visuo-spatial Working Memory. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hove

Luciana, M. y Nelson, C.A. (1998). The functional emergence of prefrontally-guided memory systems in four- to eight-year-old children. Neuropsychologia, 36, 272-293. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9622192

Luciana, M., Collins, P. F., Olson, E. A., y Schissel, A. M. (2009). Tower of london performance in healthy adolescents: The development of planning skills and associations with self-reported inattention and impulsivity. Developmental Neuropsychology, 34(4), 461-475. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20183711

Luciana, M., y Nelson, C.A. (2002). Assessment of neuropsychological function through use of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery: performance in 4- to 12-year-old children. Developmental Neuropsychology, 22, 595-624. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12661972

Morris, R. G., Ahmed, S., Syed, G. M. S., y Toone, B. K. (1993). Neural correlates of planning ability: Frontal lobe activation during the Tower of London test. Neuropsychologia. 21(12), 1367–1378. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0028393293901048

Owen, A. M., Downes, J. D., Sahakian, B. J., Polkey, C. E., y Robbins, T. W. (1990). Planning and spatial working memory following frontal lobe lesions in man. Neuropsychologia, 28, 1021-1034. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2267054

Pfefferbaum, A., Mathalon, D. H., Sullivan, E. V., Rawles, J. M., Zipursky, R. B., y Lim, K. O, (1994) A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study of changes in brain morphology from infancy to late adulthood. Archives of Neurology, 51, 874–887. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8080387

Phillips, L. H., Wynn, V., Gilhooly, K. J., Della Sala, S., y Logie, R. H. (1999). The role of memory in the Tower of London task. Memory, 7(2), 209-31. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10645380

Raven, J., y Court, J. (2001). Raven Matrices Progresivas (3 ed.). Madrid: TEA Ediciones S.A.

Shallice, T. (1982). Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 298, 199–209. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6125971

Smyth, M.M., y Pendleton, L.R. (1989). Working memory for movements. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 41A, 235–250. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14640748908402363?journalCode=pqja20

Temple, C. M., Carney, R. A., y Mullarkey, S. (1996). Frontal lobe function and executive skills in children with Turner's syndrome. Developmental Neuropsychology, 12, 343-363. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/87565649609540657?journalCode=hdvn20

Tsujimoto, S., (2008). The prefrontal cortex: Functional neural development during early childhood. The Neuroscientist, 14, 345-358. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18467667

Ward, G., & Allport, A. (1997). Planning and problem-solving using the 5-disc Tower of London task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50, 49–78. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713755681

Wechsler, D. (2004). Escala de Memoria de Wechsler III: Manual de aplicación. Madrid: TEA Ediciones S.A.

Welsh, M. C., Cicerello, A., Cuneo, K., y Brennan, M. (1995). Error and temporal patterns in Tower of Hanoi performance: Cognitive mechanisms and individual differences. Journal of General Psychology, 122, 69-81. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00221309.1995.9921223

Dimensions

PlumX

Visitas

834

Descargas

Los datos de descarga aún no están disponibles.

Cómo citar

Restrepo, J. E., Puello, M. J., Ramírez, J. S., Rivas, J. J., & Romero, J. T. (2018). Relaciones evolutivas entre la memoria de trabajo visuoespacial y la planificación cognitiva en personas sanas con inteligencia normal con edades entre 10 y 30 años. Diversitas, 13(2), 229-240. https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2017.0002.07