Comparación de guadua angustifolia kunth expuesta a agentes atmosféricos, protegida y sin protección, mediante inspección visual y microscopía
Comparison of guadua angustifolia kunth exposed to atmospheric agents, protected and unprotected, by visual inspection and microscopy
Abstract (en)
This experimental study analyzes the deterioration of guadua when in direct exposure to atmospheric agents (solar radiation, rain, wind, and changes in ambient temperature) to evaluate the behavior of protection treatments, through a comparative analysis of protected and unprotected elements exposed under identical conditions. A structure was developed in guadua angustifolia kunth in which different angles were included in the elements and on some of these a protective film of lasur was applied with several previous preparations on the surface.
The test was exposed to the elements for 11 months, during which the deterioration of the structure was monitored by visual inspection and photographic documentation on a periodic basis. Subsequently, samples of the exposed elements were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.
Photodegradation was identified as a primary lesion, evident in the elements with and without protection, with greater impact on the horizontal elements, which receive more solar radiation. Derived from photodegradation, other secondary lesions were found such as the presence of fissures and cracks, which compromise the surface of the material and allow the appearance of biotic agents in the guadua.
Surfaces not directly exposed to solar radiation did not show significant effects, so it was concluded that the main aspect against which the guadua should be protected is direct solar radiation and that the protection procedures applied do not offer actual good performance against the test conditions, suggesting the need to seek efficient alternatives for this condition.
Abstract (es)
En este estudio experimental, se analiza el deterioro de la guadua frente a la exposición directa a agentes atmosféricos, (radiación solar, lluvia, viento y cambios de temperatura ambiente) para evaluar el comportamiento de tratamientos de protección, mediante un análisis comparativo de elementos expuestos protegidos y sin protección en idénticas condiciones. Se desarrolló una estructura en guadua angustifolia kunth en la cual se incluyeron diferentes ángulos en los elementos y sobre algunos de estos se aplicó una película protectora de lasur con varias preparaciones previas de la superficie.
Se expuso el ensayo a la intemperie durante 11 meses, durante los cuales se realizó seguimiento al deterioro de la estructura mediante la inspección visual y documentación fotográfica en forma periódica. Posteriormente, se tomaron muestras de los elementos expuestos para ser analizados bajo microscopio de barrido electrónico.
Se pudo identificar como lesión primaria la foto-degradación, evidente en los elementos con y sin protección, presentando más impacto en los elementos horizontales, que reciben mayor radiación solar. Derivadas de la foto-degradación, se encontraron otras lesiones secundarias, como la presencia de fisuras y grietas, las cuales comprometen la superficie del material y permiten la aparición de agentes bióticos en las guaduas.
Las superficies no expuestas directamente a la radiación solar no presentaron afectaciones significativas, por lo que se concluyó que el principal aspecto frente al que se debe proteger la guadua es la radiación solar directa y que los procedimientos de protección aplicados no ofrecen un buen desempeño real frente a las condiciones del ensayo, planteando la necesidad de buscar alternativas eficientes frente a esta condición.
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