Publicado
2017-01-01

Estrés laboral: estudio de revisión

Work stress: a review study

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2017.0001.06
Julieth Estefanía Osorio
Lucila Cárdenas Niño

Resumen (es)

El estudio del estrés laboral es de gran interés a nivel mundial y nacional por los efectos negativos que genera en la salud de las personas y las organizaciones. El objetivo de esta investigación es el análisis del concepto estrés laboral, sus modelos explicativos y variables asociadas, teniendo en cuenta investigaciones de los últimos cinco años. Para esto se analizan 62 artículos, de los cuales 29 definen el estrés de diferentes formas, aunque algunos coinciden en ciertos aspectos, por ejemplo, como una respuesta psico-fisiológica generada a partir de la percepción amenazante de un estímulo externo; la tensión generada ante un factor de riesgo; también se fundamenta el concepto desde los modelos explicativos del estrés, entre los más destacados, el modelo de Karasek y Siegrist. Finalmente se resalta la importancia de estos dos modelos por ser el fundamento teórico para la construcción de instrumentos de medición del estrés.

Palabras clave (es): estrés psicológico, revisión, factores de riesgo

Resumen (en)

The study of work stress is of great interest both globally and nationally, because of its negative effects on the health of people and organizations. The objective of this research was to analyse the concept of work stress, its explanatory models and associated variables, taking into account research conducted over the past five years. In order to achieve this goal, 62 articles were analyzed, 29 of which define stress in different ways, although they agree in some aspects: for example, as a psychophysiological response generated from threatening perception of an external stimulus; or the tension generated by a risk factor; the concept is also based on the explanatory models of stress, among which the most prominent is the model by Karasek and Siegrist. Finally, the importance of these two models is highlighted as the theoretical foundation for the construction of instruments for measuring stress.

Palabras clave (en): Psychological stress, review, risk factors.

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Osorio, J. E., & Cárdenas Niño, L. (2017). Estrés laboral: estudio de revisión. Diversitas, 13(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2017.0001.06