Validación de la lista de chequeo del trastorno por estrés postraumático (PCL-5) en adolescentes colombianos víctimas de adversidad
Validation of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) in Colombian Adolescent Victims of Adversity
Resumen (es)
La lista de chequeo del trastorno por estrés postraumático (PCL) es el cuestionario más utilizado para detectar síntomas de TEPT en contextos clínicos y de investigación. La PCL-5 ha mostrado formulaciones multidimensionales que incluyen modelos de 2, 6, y 7 factores, alternativos al modelo de 4 factores del DSM-5. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) para evaluar la parsimonia de cinco modelos de la PCL-5. En una muestra de 278 adolescentes colombianos con historial de adversidad, se aplicaron la PCL-5, la escala de experiencias traumáticas ETISF-SR y el reporte para adolescentes de síntomas clínicos YSR/11-18. Se evaluaron cinco modelos de TEPT (de 1, 4, 6 y 7 factores) mediante AFC. Aunque todos los modelos presentaron índices de ajuste moderados y buenos, el modelo híbrido mostró el mejor desmpeño (RMSEA=0,0499; CFI=0,984; TLI=0,978; GFI=0,994). Las consistencias internas (alfa ordinal y omega) fueron buenas en todos los modelos (∞ord_G =0,93 y ∞ord_F =0,62-0,83). La PCL-5 mostró altas correlaciones con la ETISF-SR, siendo el abuso emocional la dimensión más correlacionada (ρ=0,599). En el caso del YSR, todas las dimensiones clínicas correlacionaron positivamente con la PCL-5, excepto la subescala “conductas delictivas”, que presentó una correlación moderada (ρ=0,397) con el factor de conductas externalizantes de la PCL-5.
Resumen (en)
The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) is the most widely used questionnaire for detecting PTSD symptoms in clinical and research settings. The PCL-5 has multidimensional formulations with 2, 6, and 7 factor models as alternatives to the DSM-5 four-factor model. This study aimed to perform a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to evaluate the parsimony of five models of the PCL-5. In a sample of 278 Colombian adolescents who were victims of adversity, the PCL-5, the ETISF-SR traumatic experiences scale, and the YSR/11-18 clinical symptom report for adolescents were applied to analyze five PTSD models with 1, 4, 6, and 7 factors through CFA. Although all models showed moderate to good fit indices, the hybrid model demonstrated the best performance (RMSEA=0,0499; CFI=0,984; TLI=0,978; GFI=0,994). All models had good general and factor-specific internal consistencies for ordinal alpha and omega (∞ord_G=0,93 and ∞ord_F=0,62-0,83). The PCL-5 exhibited high correlations with the ETISF-SR, particularly with the Emotional Abuse dimension (ρ=0,599). Regarding the YSR, all clinical dimensions correlated positively with the PCL-5, except for the “criminal behaviors” subscale, which had a moderate correlation with the PCL-5 externalizing behaviors factor (ρ=0,397).
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