Elementos de poder sindical y sus efectos en la desigualdad salarial argentina: afiliación, negociación colectiva y conflictos laborales
Some Elements of Trade Union Power and their Effects on Salary Inequality in Argentina: Union Membership, Collective Bargaining, and Labor Conflicts
Abstract (en)
The role of trade unions in the dynamics of labor relations and the institutional life of Argentina has shifted along with the different political and economic orientations of national governments. The literature highlights, since the beginning of the 21st century, a considerable revitalization in these organizations, as well as a certain increase in labor conflicts. At the same time, sharp falls in wage inequality, expansions in the employment level, growing inflation and rising distributive pressures. In light of three elements of union power, such as collective bargaining, union membership, and strikes, the aim of this article is to identify their linkages with the level and distribution of the wages paid to formal workers in the private sector. The findings show differential effects depending on the position in the wage distribution, with particularities according to the dimension considered.
Abstract (es)
La participación de los sindicatos en la dinámica de las relaciones laborales y la vida institucional de Argentina ha fluctuado de la mano de las distintas orientaciones políticas y económicas de los gobiernos nacionales. La literatura rescata, desde comienzos del siglo XXI, una considerable revitalización en estas organizaciones, junto a cierto crecimiento en el nivel de conflictividad laboral de los trabajadores. Al mismo tiempo, se registran fuertes caídas en los indicadores de desigualdad salarial, mejoras en el nivel de empleo, creciente inflación y fuertes pujas distributivas. En atención a tres elementos de poder sindical, como las negociaciones colectivas, la afiliación y los conflictos laborales, el objetivo de este artículo es examinar el vínculo entre ellos y el nivel y distribución de los salarios de los trabajadores formales del sector privado. Los resultados arrojan evidencia diferenciada según la posición de los trabajadores en la distribución salarial, con particularidades de acuerdo a la dimensión que se considere.
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