Los conflictos alrededor del “cambio institucional” petrolero venezolano entre 1936 y 1943 [Primera parte]
Conflicts around the Venezuelan oil “institutional change” between 1936 and 1943
Abstract (en)
Néstor Luis Pérez (1936-1938) and Manuel Rafael Egaña (1938-1941 y 1949), Ministers under the government of López Contreras (1936-1941), did important contributions to the development of the oil institutional framework after Gómez died in December 1935. These ministers had to face the lawsuits of almost all the oil companies against the Venezuelan state since 1937 because the government had enacted the 1936 hydrocarbons and other mineral fuels law. With it, the Venezuelan state tried to suppress the free duties on imports that have prevailed before the law. Even though the Venezuelan state lost all lawsuits, these Ministers did find the correct mechanisms to compensate the formal judicial fiasco. With these informal mechanisms, they got the success that the state needed in order to perform the institutional change the country was asking for, in terms of compelling oil companies to pay taxes not particularly related to the oil activities (import duties). This paper examines the whole process that got the spectacular success represented by the 1943 hydrocarbons law from the point of view of Douglass North’s neo institutionalism.Abstract (es)
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