Revista internacional especializada en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, y las disciplinas propias de estas áreas del conocimiento; se enfoca principalmente en las dinámicas propias de América Latina. Cuenta con 17 años de edición y 413 artículos de investigación publicados, actualmente está presente en 32 bases de datos internacionales, directorios selectivos y portales especializados. Dispone de Comité Científico Internacional, sistema de evaluación doble ciego, y colaboración de 395 revisores científicos de 19 países de todo el mundo. La gestión de manuscritos se hace a través de la Plataforma OJS 3 siguiendo estrictos protocolos de calidad y puntualidad, acceso permanente a sistemas antiplagio, y un alto nivel de visibilidad con múltiples sistemas de búsqueda, DOIs, ORCID, pdfs dinámicos y XML. Todos sus textos se encuentran accesibles en formato digital y de forma gratuita para la comunidad científica. Áreas: Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades Periodicidad: Semestral. ISSN: 1794-3841 ISSN electrónico: 2422-409X DOI: 10.15332/2422409X Correo electrónico: revistahallazgos@usantotomas.edu.co Redes sociales: LinkedIn Indexada en: IBN-Publindex (categoría B - vigencia enero-diciembre de 2021) ESCI - Emerging Sources Citation Index, SciELO Colombia, <a href="https://www.doaj.org/toc/1794-3841?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22terms%22%3A%7B%22index.issn.exact%22%3A%5B%221794-3841%22%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22_type%22%3A%22article%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22size%22%3A100%2C%22_source%22%3A%7B%7D%7D" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Doaj, Redib, Dialnet, Redalyc, Latindex, Circ, ERA, Fuente Académica Plus, Base, Amelica, Google Scholar, Miar, Ulrich's Periodical Directory, EZB, Erih Plus, Academic Search Complete, ProQuest Central, MLA, Sherpa/Romeo, Academic Search Premier , Seriunam , DRJI , Actualidad Iberoamericana , Cite Factor , Academic Resource Index , Academic Search Ultimate , Infobase Index .
Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá - Colombia
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Phenomenology versus the Metaphysical Realism of Saint Thomas Aquinas
The worn-out modernity of the 19th century provoked an awareness of its failure in authors such as Franz Brentano. In his rejection of positivism and idealism, he proposed a return to the being of things through the recovery of Aristotelian and scholastic intentio, drawing on Saint Thomas Aquinas while establishing the foundations of what would become the phenomenological method. However, the attempt to return to being failed because his successors, including Husserl, Heidegger, Scheler, Marcel, Mounier, among others, trapped in the phenomenon, did not make the leap from the knowing subject to the thing. Losing themselves in the ambiguity of phenomena, philosophers, Catholic doctrine, and Thomism were affected. This study aims to show how some of the limitations of phenomenology led to a departure from the metaphysical realism of Saint Thomas. Among the serious consequences of this distancing is the ambiguity in the understanding of reality and revealed data, which has not been overcome despite the recommendations of the Church's Magisterium, and specifically of Saint John Paul II, to turn to the thought of Saint Thomas Aquinas to move from the phenomenon to the foundation.
Teaching Leadership and Administrative Management in Educational Institutions
The purpose of this study was to analyze the link between teacher leadership and administrative management in educational institutions in the department of Caquetá, Colombia. A quantitative methodology was used, applying surveys to managers of a representative sample of institutions to collect data on their perceptions. The results revealed a diversity of teacher leadership styles, with a prevalence of participatory and transformational approaches, and identified a positive evaluation between the perception of effective teacher leadership and efficiency in administrative management. The importance of teacher leadership as a significant factor in administrative management was concluded, suggesting that promoting participatory styles and strengthening communication optimizes management and improves educational quality.
Beyond Binarism: Muxhe Identity as Epistemic and Affective Dissent in Zapotec Contexts
This article aims to analyze muxhe identity as a form of epistemic and affective dissent that challenges binary gender categories imposed by Western modernity, focusing on the Zapotec sociocultural contexts of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec (Mexico). Using a qualitative and decolonial approach, the study applied qualitative content analysis to a corpus of 24 peer-reviewed scientific articles indexed in the Scopus database (2010–2024), selected for their relevance to non-binary identities, indigenous gender systems, and Southern epistemologies. The findings reveal that muxheid not only constitutes an alternative gender identity but also establishes an affective-political space of resistance against the coloniality of gender. It does so by integrating ancestral practices, community-based recognition, and symbolic agency through festive, ritual, and everyday dimensions. Three key analytical categories were identified: (1) muxheid as a situated cultural category; (2) tensions between local recognition and global exoticization; and (3) affective pedagogies as tools of resignification. The study concludes that muxhe identities should not be framed within biomedical or legal discourses alone but rather understood as forms of knowledge and existence that disrupt the dominant sex-gender epistemological regime. Recognizing muxheid as epistemic and affective dissent opens the path toward intercultural models of education, health, and citizenship that honor the ontological and political diversity of Indigenous peoples.
Cyberbullying and Collaborative Learning: A Sociological Perspective in Virtual Education
This study examines cyberbullying through a collaborative virtual activity involving 33 students enrolled in the Master’s Degree in Secondary Education at the University of X (Spain). It presents a case of a 4th-year student from Compulsory Secondary Education, who experienced a non-consensual distribution of an intimate image, resulting in widespread harassment on social media. The participants engaged in a seven-phase virtual network with an aim to analyse the characteristics of cyberbullying, and propose potential intervention strategies. The platform facilitated the development of ideas through original contributions and adaptations based on critical feedback. The study highlights the need for multidimensional interventions that integrate emotional support, values-based education, and digital literacy. The results demonstrate the potential of collaborative environments to provide practical solutions to complex educational issues, enabling educators to better respond to cyberbullying and similar scenarios. They also underscore the importance of communication between educators, families, and legal authorities.
Online dispute resolution (ODR) in Colombia: a theoretical and practical overview of its applicability
This article provides an overview of the applicability of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) in the Colombian legal system, from a theoretical and practical perspective. It analyzes the foundations of conflict theory and its relationship to law, the challenges posed by alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms, and the theoretical and experiential aspects of ODR, including the use of artificial intelligence. It also identifies the current status of ODR in Colombia, both in general and in particular. It concludes that there are outstanding issues in all components of ODR that require further debate and research, and offers findings that could be useful for other countries. The article offers a critical and multidisciplinary perspective on ODR and suggests some lines of action to improve its implementation in the Colombian context.
alternative dispute resolution mechanisms
Academies in the Hispanic-American Context: Challenges and Relevance in the 21st Century
Objective: To analyze the challenges and relevance of Academies in Latin America in the face of the transformations of the 21st century. Methods: Systematic literature review, focused on studies on higher education, culture and academic policies. Results: Academies face challenges such as digitalization, internationalization and the demand for inclusion, but maintain their role as curators of knowledge and cultural identity. Conclusions: Their adaptation to new paradigms is crucial to remain relevant in a globalized context.
Students' Attitudes and Mathematical Problem Solving: What Do They Have in Common?
This reflective article is derived from the thesis titled "Attitudes of High School Students Toward Mathematical Problem Solving," which had the general objective of analyzing the attitudes of high school students toward problem-solving. For the development of the methodology in this article, a reflection on the reviewed literature was conducted, highlighting the need to extend mathematics far beyond mere mathematical operations and to study and understand students' beliefs and perceptions as two fundamental components in the learning process. From a theoretical perspective, it was identified that attitudes play a crucial role in mathematical processes, as they determine how students approach problem-solving situations and, in many cases, influence their success or failure. Understanding these processes and outcomes suggests that improving students' attitudes toward mathematics can significantly enhance their learning experience and performance in the subject.
Motivating employees and managing their professional competencies
Objective: analysis of the relationship between employees' motivation and the management of their professional competencies. Methods: critical analysis of the literature on employees' professional competencies, methods of managing them and motivation theory. The focus was on the importance of competencies and the social context of their development. Results: research has shown that competencies are crucial to both individual employee success and organizational effectiveness, and competency management requires constant monitoring and adaptation to the changing labor market. Conclusions: Effective employee motivation and competency management are closely related. Organizations that invest in the development of employees' competencies and adapt tasks to their skills are more likely to achieve long-term success and development.
Affectivity, precarization and social protest: circulation of emotions in public discourse
The deep social inequalities account for the growing precariousness of some populations and the increase of social protest as an expression of social transformation and disruptive politics. This article is part of the research process and seeks to understand the place of emotions in the activation of social protest. To this end, it initially explores the precarization and performativity of social protest. Secondly, the qualitative methodological horizon of a critical nature is proposed, in which emotionality in public discourse is accounted for. The analysis focuses on the place of emotions in the social protest that occurred in 2021 in the city of Cali. Finally, findings are presented regarding the place of affectivity in social protest and the way emotions circulate in public discourses that seek to reproduce precarization and perpetuate inequality.
A review based on the study of community art practices that address memories of the armed conflict in Colombia
This review article presents a documentary balance around the conceptual modes and trends regarding the study and reflection of Community Artistic Practices (CAP) that address the memories of the armed conflict in Colombia. The review includes a corpus of 59 scientific articles found in databases, which were carried out between 1991 and 2024. The analysis of this bibliography shows as trends the problems and topics investigated, the methodologies used to study the CAPs and the conceptual perspectives on the categories of armed conflict, memories, CAP and community. This review is an attempt to contribute to the delimitation of the field of study of CAPs, based on their political and collective characteristics, as well as their potential to question the memories of the conflict and contribute to collective grief and guarantees of non-repetition.
Disagreements between psychoanalysis and Mental Health. Towards a community clinical approach
The aim of this study is to create some reflections on modern and passed Mental Health practices. In first instance and arguing the following hypothesis: Psychoanalysis tends to depart from the classificatory/psychopathological diagnoses and approaches conceptions of the symptom that the main psychiatric of Mental Health orient. As is evident in history, these studies have focused on seeing the patient as someone "dysfunctional". Subsequently, the reflection is made on: what would be the achievable ways for psychoanalysis to take a place within the institutionalized discourse of Mental Health? Among these paths is the community axis, which, just like psychoanalysis, considers the "healthy" subject as someone connected to a social-collective bond.
The reality behind technology: digital divide, environmental impact, and job loss
The aim is to provide a critical view of how technology can sometimes perpetuate inequalities and systemic failures rather than solve them. Technology has been presented as a tool to improve people's lives and reduce inequalities. However, the reality is more complex. This article explores how technology has exacerbated issues such as the digital divide, inequality, environmental impact, and job loss due to automation. We analyze how technology has been designed and used in ways that benefit a few, while others are left behind. This article focuses on demystifying the narratives surrounding technology and its impact on society. Often, technology is presented as a panacea that promises to solve humanity's most complex problems. However, here we explore the reality behind these promises, analyzing the limitations, contradictions, and side effects that accompany technological advances.
Compassionate justice education in the context of socio-humanist education at Universidad Santo Tomás and its contribution to reconciliation and peace processes in Colombia: State of the art and systematic literature review
This research focuses on the role of higher education in Colombia, specifically at Universidad Santo Tomás, in promoting compassionate justice as a means for reconciliation and peace in a country deeply affected by armed conflict. Going beyond normative justice, the educational proposal integrates emotions and fosters a culture of reconciliation based on respect for human rights. Inspired by thinkers such as Aristotle, St. Thomas Aquinas and Martha Nussbaum, the education is implemented through service-learning projects, where students actively participate in the reconstruction of affected communities, cultivating empathy and recognition of the suffering of others. The systematic literature review provides a solid theoretical framework that highlights the importance of political emotions in compassionate justice. Thus, this work seeks to inspire educational practices that promote human dignity and forgiveness, essential for building a more just and compassionate society.
Faculty Staff Perspectives on Moodle in Higher Education
The virtualisation of teaching requires university faculty to acquire the necessary digital competencies to use digital educational platforms such as Moodle, Sakai or Blackboard. These tools enable both basic and advanced knowledge, as they allow for the incorporation of other digital applications. They are used for delivering courses in face-to-face, partially virtual, or entirely virtual modalities. This study aims to understand how the use of Moodle is perceived by faculty at a higher education institution in a face-to-face mode. The research methodology employed is mixed. A validated questionnaire was used, supplemented by some open-ended questions. The sample comprised 31 lecturers from a centre belonging to a Spanish university. Quantitative data were subjected to inferential statistical analysis of correlation, while qualitative data were coded and categorised. The quantitative results indicate that the pedagogical use of Moodle is crucial, with positive correlations to other variables such as actions, materials, and moderate associations, highlighting advantages, satisfaction, and training. The qualitative findings reveal a need for increased training in Moodle, emphasising critical elements such as digital competence, pedagogical training, and awareness of gaps in knowledge. In conclusion, university educational policies should prioritise the continuous training of faculty in digital platforms and encourage mentoring of novice lecturers. Moreover, it is essential to offer programmes for pedagogical and digital training that enhance faculty satisfaction and the integration of the platform in education.
Citizen Training in Commune Two of Medellín: Interpretive Thematic Nuclei that configure it from the contributions of an Anthropology of Education
This article is based on a research project, its main objective is understand with anthropology support, the conceptions about citizen training in students and graduates of secondary education and educational and cultural project leaders from commune two, Santa Cruz in Medellín city, among 2016 and 2022. It is addressed the citizen training (CT) in Colombia, Medellín and commune two Santa Cruz, interpreting educational processes which has it configured, its anthropological conception within Colombian legal framework, in educational legal foundations in social sciences, in city development plans 2016-2019 and 2020-2023 and in the local development plan from commune two. It begins from qualitative approach, ethnographic method, and the usage of the data collection techniques as participating sighting, non-directive interview, documentary review, thoughtful workshop, and the cartography. So, originate findings, showed through interpretative thematic cores (ITC), which summarize the interpretations of the heavy description prospect used by ethnography, the interpretative thematic cores (ITC), they are the followings: from the school institutionality to educational institutionality mean by the dialogue in commune two for advantaging the CT, the education, everyone commitment for advantaging the CT; citizen behavior as a result from the CT; citizen by conviction and by heart; public spaces and physical infrastructure, social, cultural and historical issue for the CT. Last, results and conclusions to propose a territorialized citizen training formation in commune two Santa Cruz.
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Educators in penitentiary deprivation of liberty contexts
In this study, a systematic review of the literature was carried out using the PRISMA 2020 methodology to identify the current state of knowledge about the educational practices of teachers in educational centers in penitentiary establishments. The search was carried out in databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo, as well as Mendeley. Inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the PICoS strategy were applied, considering studies published between 2020 and 2024 in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The review revealed that few studies address the complexities within penitentiary learning communities and the system's regulations for training spaces for social reintegration of people deprived of liberty (PPL). The importance of disciplinary knowledge, skills and competencies of teachers was highlighted to offer an education that transcends the simple acquisition of knowledge, promoting the transformation and personal and social growth of PPL for their life in and for freedom.
La belleza como «una cierta especie del bien» en Santo Tomás de Aquino
The aim of this article is to make a contribution to the open debate about the transcendence of beauty in Aquinas’ philosophy. To achieve this purpose, the text is divided into three parts. First, the classical fragment where the Angelic presents the systematic deduction of the transcendentals is examined; second, beauty is located within this deduction; and, finally, in a third concluding part, the reason of this silence is given.
Educability: Contextual Factors Involved in Learning a Second Language
Humans have consistently faced significant challenges throughout history, and educational institutions play a crucial role in analyzing these events to ensure the continuity of life in the face of change. Issues such as conquests, wars, pandemics, migrations, climate change, and discrimination must be addressed in schools to foster understanding and develop strategies that prevent their recurrence while promoting progress. To effectively tackle these global dynamics, it is imperative to redefine interventions based on the unique realities of the population. This involves a comprehensive assessment of their features, needs, interests, potential, and challenges, ensuring that educational interventions are restructured from the learner's perspective, particularly for those in disadvantaged socioeconomic contexts. This article represents a vital part of a comprehensive literature review conducted in the doctoral research project at Santo Tomás University titled Teaching English: Pedagogical Orientations Based on Neuroeducation. It highlights the necessity of considering the holistic development of learners in relation to their educational potential. In this regard, twenty scientifically relevant documents have been meticulously consulted and categorized, relying on established databases, consultation metrics, and rigorous methodology. The analysis has been expertly organized using Atlas.ti 24 software. The literature review robustly examines the motivations students cultivate toward learning a second language, while also exposing the systemic gaps and inequalities that hinder the learning process across various localities in the Capital District. This directly impacts individual educational trajectories. A critical conclusion drawn from the review is that high school students in public schools frequently suffer deficiencies in emotional, social, economic, ethical, and biological areas. This significant disadvantage compared to peers in private institutions or more privileged contexts severely affects their motivation to learn an additional language beyond their mother tongue.
The Use of Mobile Devices in Public School Students: Impacts on Learning Processes in the Bosa Locality
This presentation is part of the ongoing research "The use of mobile devices in students from public schools: impacts on learning processes in the locality of Bosa." This investigative process considers the perceptions of fifth, sixth, and seventh-grade students from three mega-schools in the seventh locality of Bogotá, regarding how children use mobile devices, both inside and outside the classroom. The methodological route is proposed from a qualitative approach, with an interpretive perspective to the study object, assuming an epistemological approach based on symbolic interactionism and a design Grounded Theory. The questionnaire is used as a data collection technique, through a multiple-choice survey, an open survey, and later a focus group. As results, three categories are identified from the bibliographic review: the first category corresponds to low school performance associated with the use of technological devices; the second category proposes some psychological and emotional effects on high school students due to the inadequate use of mobile devices; and the third category corresponds to the incidence of these devices on social interaction. On the other hand, the responses are categorized based on the students' perceptions regarding the closed survey, correlated with the findings from the state of the art, and the open survey and focus group are proposed as part of the process to generate more precise categories.
Approach to University Editorial Policies in Colombia: Difficulties, Advances, and Challenges
Using Moyano's (2007) criteria for what a university editorial policy should contain as a reference, a diagnostic review is conducted of 10 editorial policies from different universities in Colombia. This review explores their content in three general areas: the editorial unit’s own strategies, criteria for the publication process, and organizational-administrative matters. Based on this exploration, recommendations are proposed to guide the adjustment or creation of new university editorial policies to be developed in the country.
Consequences of unwanted loneliness on mental health: A quantitative analysis in Spain
In recent years, Western countries, including Spain, have undergone a continuous process of increasing individualism. For many individuals, this phenomenon manifests primarily as a state of unwanted loneliness, which carries significant social and personal consequences. Such individuals often experience feelings of isolation and a decline in the quality and quantity of their meaningful and optimal social relationships. Unwanted loneliness can profoundly impact both physical and mental health and is associated with the emergence of suicidal or self-injurious thoughts. This research is based on quantitative data sourced from public agencies and relevant reports to provide a rigorous and detailed understanding of this phenomenon.
Proposed Integral Human Resource Management Model for the Basketry Artisans of the Municipality of Filandia (Colombia)
The basketry artisans of the municipality of Filandia, located in the Colombian department of Quindío, form a key community as producers of cultural goods and custodians of the basket weaving heritage and tradition for five generations. This article aims to develop a comprehensive human resource management model for the artisans in the basketry sector of this municipality, designed to help them overcome potential socio-economic development challenges. Through interviews with the basketry artisans themselves and with municipal and departmental entities that provide support, it was found that there are issues of cohesion and communication related to the current associative model. Among the basketry artisans, dissatisfaction, discomfort, and doubts were identified concerning the management of the current association, along with a strong desire for improvement and community building under appropriate conditions. Thus, a cooperative, horizontal, and democratic management model is proposed, characterized by transparency and unified efforts, which would alleviate doubts and consistently prioritize the interests of the basketry artisans as the driving force of the municipality, ultimately benefiting Filandia, the artisans, and their families.
The Philosophical Workshop as a Questioning of Competition in the Classroom: An Experience with School-Aged Youth in Colombia
In this article, reflections are presented based on an educational interaction with school-aged youth. Through a participatory research experience, an examination is proposed of the perpetuation of economic discourses that obscure the humanistic objectives of philosophy education. The notion of school education as being driven by competition is critically examined. Features of educational and philosophical workshops are described, with possibilities, risks, and essential elements for their implementation with school-aged youth being conceptualized. It is concluded that the philosophical workshop can be understood as a pedagogical space aimed at fostering reflexivity through lived experiences, prioritizing the practice of philosophizing. This practice entails the challenging tasks of self-encounter, responsibility towards the Other, affirmation of self-criticism and self-awareness
Religious Field. Investigations based on Pierre Bourdieu's Theory.
The present investigation used the methodological tools of documentary research, posing as a problematic question what were the theoretical and methodological trends of the research published in journals indexed in the Scopus Database, which investigated the religious field from the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu, during the period 2009-2023? The findings allowed us to identify that the theoretical proposal is not only valid for the analysis of French Catholicism in the 70s, as the sociologist's critics affirm. Likewise, it is possible to demonstrate that concepts of: field, capital, habitus, etc. Various phenomena within different religious identities (Jewish, Islamic, ancestral traditions) have been applied for the study and analysis. From a methodological perspective, the balance between the principles of mimesis and investigative exegesis is proposed in the task of taking Pierre Bourdieu's scientific legacy to new horizons.
Invisible knowledge and experiences: Teacher training and gender tensions in prisons
The objetive of this article is to make visible some situations that occur and strain the teaching work Mexican prisions, in orden to contribute to the discussion for the creation of a teacher training program in this area. The findings an information are part of the resultsof three qualitative studies carried out between 2012 and 2024. he addressed five entities in the country that have been pioneers in the incorporation of programs and/or models of higher and upper secondary education. Subsequently, I give way to three situations that were constantly observed through fieldwork and that, when also present in the school environment of prisions, account for the punitive nature of the prisions institution that disrupts teachers, reproduces silences, specific training needs and gender inequalities.
The university museum Dr. Luis Mario Schneider de Malinalco as cultural, tourism, and community identity manager
In this document, an analysis of the importance of cultural, tourism and identity management around the Dr. Luis Mario Schneider University Museum (MUDLMS) is carried out, as a practical case of a community management museum. The theoretical foundation is critical - taking up the criticism of the cultural industry carried out by the Frankfurt school and delimiting the approach to a socio-critical model that confronts instrumentalization with critical reflection. The chosen methodology, under the socio-critical approach, is triangulation that allows qualitative-quantitative analysis when analyzing the discourse, obtaining practical information, and reflecting purposefully on what was analyzed. This information was obtained through interviews, surveys, and the implementation of a focus group with key actors from the Malinalco community; Being mixed research, the analysis of the information was carried out through the Atlas.ti program. The main finding obtained is that joint management - the categories - should be used as elements of social cohesion, capable of generating social awareness for the various actors participating in cultural, tourist and identity activity.
cultural and tourist identity management
Gender perspective in the employment situation of adventure tourism companies in Quintana Roo, México.
The relevance of the study lies in the importance of addressing gender issues comprehensively in adventure tourism, from acknowledging individual barriers to the need for cultural and structural transformations, recognizing the complexity of the problem, and the necessity for personalized and culturally sensitive solutions to advance towards greater gender equity. The labor situation of adventure tourism companies in communities in the southern state of Quintana Roo is analyzed through a gender perspective by conducting in-depth interviews with female and male workers, based on categories such as atypical hiring, wage discrimination, devaluation and invisibility, sticky floor, glass ceiling, and sexual harassment. Findings show that gender stereotypes exist in adventure tourism, highlighting a positive perception towards female leadership positions, albeit with stereotypes that limit the diversity of roles they can perform.